# H-theorem and Maxwell Demon in Quantum Physics. (arXiv:1804.06886v1 [quant-ph])

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on 2018-4-21 2:11am GMT

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that temporal evolution of an isolated system occurs with non-diminishing entropy. In quantum realm, this holds for energy-isolated systems the evolution of which is described by the so-called unital quantum channel. The entropy of a system evolving in a non-unital quantum channel can, in principle, decrease. We formulate a general criterion of unitality for the evolution of a quantum system, enabling a simple and rigorous approach for finding and identifying the processes accompanied by decreasing entropy in energy-isolated systems. We discuss two examples illustrating our findings, the quantum Maxwell demon and heating-cooling process within a two-qubit system.

# Scientific Realism meets Metaphysics of Quantum Mechanics

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-20 4:14pm GMT
Saatsi, Juha (2017) Scientific Realism meets Metaphysics of Quantum Mechanics. [Preprint]

# Theoretical Models of the Brans-Dicke Parameter for Time Independent Deceleration Parameters

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-20 4:11pm GMT
Roy, Sudipto (2017) Theoretical Models of the Brans-Dicke Parameter for Time Independent Deceleration Parameters. International Journal of Mathematics and Physical Sciences Research, 5 (1). pp. 94-101. ISSN 2348-5736

# The Metaphysics of Invariance

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-20 3:58pm GMT
Schroeren, David (2018) The Metaphysics of Invariance. [Preprint]

# Clocks and Chronogeometry: Rotating Spacetimes and the relativistic null hypothesis

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-20 3:57pm GMT
Menon, Tushar and Linnemann, Niels and Read, James (2018) Clocks and Chronogeometry: Rotating Spacetimes and the relativistic null hypothesis. [Preprint]

# Quantum gravity, timelessness, and the contents of thought

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## Latest Results for Philosophical Studies

on 2018-4-20 12:00am GMT

### Abstract

A number of recent theories of quantum gravity lack a one-dimensional structure of ordered temporal instants. Instead, according to many of these views, our world is either best represented as a single three-dimensional object, or as a configuration space composed of such three-dimensional objects, none of which bear temporal relations to one another. Such theories will be empirically self-refuting unless they can accommodate the existence of conscious beings capable of representation. For if representation itself is impossible in a timeless world, then no being in such a world could entertain the thought that a timeless theory is true, let alone believe such a theory or rationally believe it. This paper investigates the options for understanding representation in a three-dimensional, timeless, world. Ultimately it concludes that the only viable option is one according to which representation is taken to be deeply non-naturalistic. Ironically then we are left with two seemingly very unattractive options. Either a very naturalistic motivation—taking seriously a live view in fundamental physics—leads us to a very non-naturalistic view of the mental, or else views in the philosophy of mind partly dictate what is an acceptable theory in physics.

# (Information) Paradox Regained? A Brief Comment on Maudlin on Black Hole Information Loss

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-19 4:19pm GMT
Manchak, JB and Weatherall, James Owen (2018) (Information) Paradox Regained? A Brief Comment on Maudlin on Black Hole Information Loss. [Preprint]

# Should Quantum Anomalies Make Us Rethink Reality?

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## Scientific American Content: Global

on 2018-4-19 11:00am GMT
Inexplicable lab results may be telling us we’re on the cusp of a new scientific paradigm

show enclosure

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# Information Missing Puzzle, Where Is Hawking's Error?. (arXiv:1804.06726v1 [physics.gen-ph])

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on 2018-4-19 8:10am GMT

Authors: Ding-fang Zeng

The goal of looking for errors in the information missing reasoning is not to find the error itself, but to find the hints of quantum gravitation theories which can unify general relativity and quantum mechanics harmonically. Basing on works [NPB917,178] and [NPB930,533], we provide in this paper a very clear and concrete answer to the title question and speculate its relevance with string theory counterparts and the gravitational wave phenomenological physics.

# Tests of hidden variable models by the relaxation of the measurement independence condition. (arXiv:1804.06452v1 [quant-ph])

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on 2018-4-19 8:10am GMT

Authors: R. Rossi Jr., Leonardo A. M. Souza

Bell inequalities or Bell-like experiments are supposed to test hidden variable theories based on three intuitive assumptions: determinism, locality and measurement independence. If one of the assumptions of Bell inequality is properly relaxed, the probability distribution of the singlet state, for example, can be reproduced by a hidden variable model. Models that deal with the relaxation of some condition above, with more than one hidden variable, have been studied in the literature nowadays. In this work the relation between the number of hidden variables and the degree of relaxation necessary to reproduce the singlet correlations is investigated. For the examples studied, it is shown that the increase of the number of hidden variables does not allow for more efficiency in the reproduction of quantum correlations.

# Realism-information complementarity in photonic weak measurements. (arXiv:1804.06472v1 [quant-ph])

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on 2018-4-19 8:10am GMT

The emergence of realistic properties is a key problem in understanding the quantum-to-classical transition. In this respect, measurements represent a way to interface quantum systems with the macroscopic world: these can be driven in the weak regime, where a reduced back-action can be imparted by choosing meter states able to extract different amounts of information. Here we explore the implications of such weak measurement for the variation of realistic properties of two-level quantum systems pre- and post-measurement, and extend our investigations to the case of open systems implementing the measurements.

# Hidden Messenger from Quantum Geometry: Towards Information Conservation in Quantum Gravity. (arXiv:1804.06408v1 [gr-qc])

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on 2018-4-19 8:10am GMT

Authors: Xiao-Kan Guo, Qing-yu Cai

The back reactions of Hawking radiation allow nontrivial correlations between consecutive Hawking quanta, which gives a possible way to resolving the paradox of black hole information loss known as the hidden massenger method. In a recent work of Ma et al [arXiv:1711.10704], this method is enhanced by a general derivation using small deviations of the states of Hawking quanta off canonical typicality. In this paper, we use this typicality argument to study the effects of back reactions on quantum geometries described by spin network states, and discuss the viability of entropy conservation in loop quantum gravity. We find that such back reactions lead to small area deformations of quantum geometries including those of quantum black holes. This shows that the hidden-messenger method is still viable in loop quantum gravity, which is a first step towards resolving the paradox of black hole information loss in quantum gravity.

# Quantum time: Is this where the flow of existence comes from?

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## New Scientist - Home

on 2018-4-18 12:00pm GMT
Why we perceive the passage of time is one of the biggest mysteries of physics. Now we could have found its source – in our most potent theory of reality

# Time Variation of the Matter Content of the Expanding Universe in the Framework of Brans-Dicke Theory

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-15 9:52pm GMT
Roy, Sudipto (2018) Time Variation of the Matter Content of the Expanding Universe in the Framework of Brans-Dicke Theory. [Preprint]

# Does protective measurement imply the reality of the wave function?

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-15 1:28am GMT
Gao, Shan (2018) Does protective measurement imply the reality of the wave function? [Preprint]

# Infinte Idealization and Contextual Realism

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-13 8:48pm GMT
Liu, Chuang (2018) Infinte Idealization and Contextual Realism. Synthese. ISSN 1573-0964

# The big fudge: Welcome to the theory of not-quite-everything

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## New Scientist - Home

on 2018-4-13 12:00pm GMT
Physicists from Einstein to Hawking tried and failed to unite gravity and quantum theory. Now we have hints of a better – but not so beautiful – answer

# Classical Causal Models for Bell and Kochen-Specker Inequality Violations Require Fine-Tuning

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## Recent Articles in Phys. Rev. X

on 2018-4-13 10:00am GMT

Author(s): Eric G. Cavalcanti

A new analysis puts quantum nonlocality and contextuality—key resources for quantum computing—on equal theoretical footing as violations of classical causality.

[Phys. Rev. X 8, 021018] Published Fri Apr 13, 2018

# Reply to “Comment on ‘Null weak values and the past of a quantum particle”’

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## PRA: Fundamental concepts

on 2018-4-13 10:00am GMT

Author(s): Q. Duprey and A. Matzkin

We discuss the preceding Comment [D. Sokolovski, preceding Comment, Phys. Rev. A 97, 046102 (2018)] and conclude that the arguments given there against the relevance of null weak values as representing the absence of a system property are not compelling. We give an example in which the transition ma...

[Phys. Rev. A 97, 046103] Published Fri Apr 13, 2018

# Comment on “Null weak values and the past of a quantum particle”

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## PRA: Fundamental concepts

on 2018-4-13 10:00am GMT

Author(s): D. Sokolovski

In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. A 95, 032110 (2017)], Duprey and Matzkin investigated the meaning of vanishing weak values and their role in the retrodiction of the past of a preselected and postselected quantum system in the presence of interference. Here we argue that any proposition regarding the w...

[Phys. Rev. A 97, 046102] Published Fri Apr 13, 2018

# Principle of Unattainability of Absolute Zero Temperature, The Third Law of Thermodynamics, and Projective Quantum Measurements. (arXiv:1804.04182v1 [quant-ph])

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on 2018-4-13 3:41am GMT

Authors: Tien D. Kieu

The Principle of Unattainability rules out the attainment of absolute zero temperature by any finite physical means, no matter how idealised they could be. Nevertheless, we clarify that the Third Law of Thermodynamics, as defined by Nernst's heat theorem statement, is distinct from the Principle of Unattainability in the sense that the Third Law is mathematically equivalent only to the unattainability of absolute zero temperature by {\em quasi-static adiabatic} processes. This thus leaves open the possibility of attainability of absolute zero, without violating the Third Law, by non-adiabatic means. Such a means may be provided in principle and in particular by projective measurements in quantum mechanics. This connection also establishes some intimate relationship between the postulate of projective measurement and the Principle of Unattainability.

# Clock–Work Trade-Off Relation for Coherence in Quantum Thermodynamics

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## PRL: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.

on 2018-4-12 10:00am GMT

Author(s): Hyukjoon Kwon, Hyunseok Jeong, David Jennings, Benjamin Yadin, and M. S. Kim

In thermodynamics, quantum coherences—superpositions between energy eigenstates—behave in distinctly nonclassical ways. Here we describe how thermodynamic coherence splits into two kinds—“internal” coherence that admits an energetic value in terms of thermodynamic work, and “external” coherence that...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 150602] Published Thu Apr 12, 2018

# Space and Time

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-11 10:39pm GMT
Manchak, JB (2018) Space and Time. [Preprint]

# Fundamental Work Cost of Quantum Processes

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## Recent Articles in Phys. Rev. X

on 2018-4-10 10:00am GMT

Author(s): Philippe Faist and Renato Renner

A new theoretical analysis derives a precise fundamental lower limit to the work cost for processing information in any type of system, thereby cornering a new microscopic formulation of thermodynamics and shedding light on how far the second law can be applied.

[Phys. Rev. X 8, 021011] Published Tue Apr 10, 2018

# Algebraic structuralism

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## Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited.

on 2018-4-09 11:02pm GMT
Dewar, Neil (2018) Algebraic structuralism. [Preprint]

# Scheme for the protective measurement of a single photon using a tunable quantum Zeno effect

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## PRA: Fundamental concepts

on 2018-4-09 10:00am GMT

Author(s): Maximilian Schlosshauer

This paper presents a proof-of-principle scheme for the protective measurement of a single photon. In this scheme, the photon is looped arbitrarily many times through an optical stage that implements a weak measurement of a polarization observable followed by a strong measurement protecting the stat...

[Phys. Rev. A 97, 042104] Published Mon Apr 09, 2018

# Plausibility, statistical interpretations, physical mechanisms and a new outlook: Response to commentaries on a precognition review.

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## Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice - Vol 5, Iss 1

on 2018-4-09 4:00am GMT
We address what we consider to be the main points of disagreement by showing that (a) scientific plausibility (or lack thereof) is a weak argument in the face of empirical data, (b) the statistical methods we used were sound according to at least one of several possible statistical positions, and (c) the potential physical mechanisms underlying precognition could include quantum biological phenomena. We close with a discussion of what we believe is an unfortunate but currently dominant tendency to focus on reducing Type-I statistical errors without balancing that approach by also paying attention to the potential for Type-II errors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)

# Decoding Reality

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## Physics

on 2018-4-08 12:00am GMT
Author: Vlatko Vedral
ISBN: 9780198815433
Binding: Paperback
Publication Date: 08 April 2018

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## PRA: Fundamental concepts

on 2018-1-09 10:00am GMT

Author(s): Bo-Bo Wei

Thermodynamics and information theory have been intimately related since the times of Maxwell and Boltzmann. Recently it was shown that the dissipated work in an arbitrary nonequilibrium process is related to the Rényi divergences between two states along the forward and reversed dynamics. Here we s...

[Phys. Rev. A 97, 012105] Published Tue Jan 09, 2018

# How Not to Establish the Non-renormalizability of Gravity

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## Latest Results for Foundations of Physics

on 2018-1-09 12:00am GMT

### Abstract

General relativity cannot be formulated as a perturbatively renormalizable quantum field theory. An argument relying on the validity of the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy formula aims at dismissing gravity as non-renormalizable per se, against hopes (underlying programs such as Asymptotic Safety) that d-dimensional GR could turn out to have a non-perturbatively renormalizable d–dimensional quantum field theoretic formulation. In this note we discuss various forms of highly problematic semi-classical extrapolations assumed by both sides of the debate concerning what we call The Entropy Argument, and show that a large class of dimensional reduction scenarios leads to the blow-up of Bekenstein–Hawking entropy.

# Physics’ silence on time

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## Latest Results for European Journal for Philosophy of Science

on 2018-1-09 12:00am GMT

### Abstract

In this paper I argue that physics is, always was, and probably always will be voiceless with respect to tense and passage, and that, therefore, if, as I believe, tense and passage are the essence of time, physics’ contribution to our understanding of time can only be limited. The argument, in a nutshell, is that if "physics has no possibility of expression for the Now", to quote Einstein, then it cannot add anything to the study of tense and passage, and specifically, cannot add anything to the debate between deniers and affirmers of the existence or reality of tense and passage. Since relativity theory did not equip physics with a new language with which to speak of tense and passage, I draw the further conclusion that relativity theory has not generated the revolution to our conception of time that is attributed to it. In the last section I discuss the motivations behind the continued but misguided attempts to integrate tense into a relativistic setting, and assess the manners in which relativity theory has nevertheless enhanced, albeit indirectly, our understanding of tense and passage.

# Quantum Bit Commitment and the Reality of the Quantum State

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## Latest Results for Foundations of Physics

on 2018-1-09 12:00am GMT

### Abstract

Quantum bit commitment is insecure in the standard non-relativistic quantum cryptographic framework, essentially because Alice can exploit quantum steering to defer making her commitment. Two assumptions in this framework are that: (a) Alice knows the ensembles of evidence E corresponding to either commitment; and (b) system E is quantum rather than classical. Here, we show how relaxing assumption (a) or (b) can render her malicious steering operation indeterminable or inexistent, respectively. Finally, we present a secure protocol that relaxes both assumptions in a quantum teleportation setting. Without appeal to an ontological framework, we argue that the protocol’s security entails the reality of the quantum state, provided retrocausality is excluded.

# Random Constructions in Bell Inequalities: A Survey

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## Latest Results for Foundations of Physics

on 2018-1-09 12:00am GMT

### Abstract

Initially motivated by their relevance in foundations of quantum mechanics and more recently by their applications in different contexts of quantum information science, violations of Bell inequalities have been extensively studied during the last years. In particular, an important effort has been made in order to quantify such Bell violations. Probabilistic techniques have been heavily used in this context with two different purposes. First, to quantify how common the phenomenon of Bell violations is; and second, to find large Bell violations in order to better understand the possibilities and limitations of this phenomenon. However, the strong mathematical content of these results has discouraged some of the potentially interested readers. The aim of the present work is to review some of the recent results in this direction by focusing on the main ideas and removing most of the technical details, to make the previous study more accessible to a wide audience.

# The asymptotic safety scenario for quantum gravity – An appraisal

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## ScienceDirect Publication: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics

on 2018-1-06 7:09pm GMT
Publication date: Available online 5 January 2018
Source:Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics
Author(s): Simon Friederich
The paper has three main aims: first, to make the asymptotic safety-based approach to quantum gravity better known to the community of researchers in the history and philosophy of modern physics by outlining its motivation, core tenets, and achievements so far; second, to preliminarily elucidate the finding that, according to the asymptotic safety scenario, space-time has fractal dimension 2 at short length scales; and, third, to provide the basis for a methodological appraisal of the asymptotic safety-based approach to quantum gravity in the light of the Kuhnian criteria of theory choice.

# A Second Course in Topos Quantum Theory

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## Latest Results

on 2018-1-01 12:00am GMT